According to experts, there has been a worrying increase in the number of younger people being diagnosed with bowel cancer in the UK. This rise has led scientists to investigate the potential causes of this early onset cancer epidemic, which is defined as the disease affecting adults under the age of 50.

Bowel cancer, the third most common type of cancer in Britain, affects nearly 43,000 individuals each year and claims the lives of around 17,000 people annually. Alarmingly, approximately 100 younger individuals, around 35,000 a year, are now being diagnosed with cancers typically associated with older age groups, such as bowel, breast, and stomach cancer.

Dr. Haney Youssef, a bowel cancer expert and colorectal surgeon at The Harborne Hospital in Birmingham, suggests potential reasons for the increased prevalence of bowel cancer among the under-50 population. One possible contributing factor is dietary changes, particularly the consumption of processed foods and a reliance on unhealthy options lacking in fiber. The modern Western diet, characterized by a significant increase in processed and fast food consumption, is often high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and additives, while being low in fiber. This diet, low in fiber and high in processed foods, can contribute to the development of bowel cancer.

Furthermore, the sedentary lifestyle led by many young people, spending prolonged hours sitting at desks or in front of screens, is also thought to increase the risk of bowel cancer. Lack of physical activity is a known risk factor, as regular exercise helps maintain a healthy digestive system and overall well-being.

Not only are poor dietary habits and lack of exercise contributing to the increased risk, but obesity has also emerged as a significant factor. Obesity, the second-largest cause of cancer in the UK, is on the rise globally, affecting younger age groups as well. Excess body fat can lead to inflammation and changes in hormone levels, promoting cancer development. The increasing prevalence of obesity among younger individuals is a contributing factor to the higher incidence of bowel cancer in this demographic.

Genetics also play a role in the risk of developing bowel cancer. While research has not definitively established a connection between genetics and the increase in diagnoses, having a first-degree relative under the age of 50 who has had bowel cancer could suggest a higher risk for younger individuals. Additionally, there are rare inherited conditions associated with an increased risk of bowel cancer.

The rise in cases of bowel cancer among young people underscores the need for further research and awareness about the potential causes and prevention strategies. Public health initiatives should focus on promoting a healthy diet rich in fiber, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight. Early detection through regular screenings and genetic testing for high-risk individuals is also crucial to improving outcomes for younger individuals at risk of developing bowel cancer.