In Santa Clara County, California, the homeless community is grappling with an outbreak of shigella bacteria-related infections, according to the Santa Clara County Public Health Office. The county health officials have released guidance and provided updates on the current scope of the outbreak.

As per the Public Health Office's report, 10 individuals experiencing homelessness in Santa Clara County have tested positive for shigella, while an additional 22 people are suspected cases. Officials have traced the outbreak to the Guadalupe River, downstream from Highway 85, and have found a concentration of the infections within the local homeless community.

To prevent further spread of the disease, the Public Health Office has advised individuals coming into contact with the water to avoid swallowing it. They have also emphasized the importance of washing hands with soap and water before consuming food or touching the face. In addition, workers from partner organizations who may come in contact with the river water near the encampments have been instructed to use personal protective equipment.

Shigella bacteria are primarily found in feces, and exposure to the microbes can lead to various symptoms such as fever, stomach pains, and bloody diarrhea. The infection can be transmitted through sexual contact, sharing drinking containers, and caring for those who are sick. Dehydration poses a significant risk for individuals affected by shigella bacteria, so it is essential for infected individuals to stay hydrated by consuming plenty of fluids during the course of the illness.

Although this outbreak in Santa Clara County is alarming, it is not an isolated case. Shigella outbreaks have previously occurred in other cities across the United States with dense homeless populations. Multnomah County health officials in Portland, Oregon, reported 227 documented shigella cases in 2023, with 45 cases occurring in December alone.

Efforts are underway to control the outbreak in Santa Clara County and provide medical assistance to those affected. Local authorities are focusing on improving sanitation and hygiene practices within the homeless encampments to minimize the spread of the infection. The Santa Clara County Public Health Office has urged the public to remain vigilant and take necessary precautions to protect themselves and others from shigella bacteria.

Overall, this outbreak highlights the urgent need for improved healthcare and living conditions for the homeless population, as public health risks like shigella infections continue to pose challenges in communities with limited access to resources and support.