In a new report titled "Cost and Benefit Analysis of Mitigating, Tracking and Remediating Orbital Debris," NASA has outlined various cost-effective approaches to address the growing issue of space debris around Earth. The study compares the cost-effectiveness of more than 10 different strategies to reduce the risk of collisions between satellites and orbital debris.

Led by NASA analyst Jericho Locke, the report sheds light on promising methods that could ensure the safety and usability of the space environment for future generations. These approaches range from dedicated space debris removal missions to improved shielding of satellites and enhanced tracking of smaller space debris fragments.

"This study allows us to start answering the question: What are the most cost-effective actions we can take to address the growing problem of orbital debris?" stated Jericho Locke in a press statement. The aim is to find strategies that not only effectively mitigate the risks posed by space junk but also offer the best value for money.

The report, a sequel to a previous study published in 2023 by NASA's Office of Technology, Policy and Strategy (OTPS), provides an estimated cost of space debris to satellite operators. It takes into account direct damage caused by debris impacts, as well as the expenses associated with maneuvering satellites to avoid potential collisions, which consume fuel and shorten mission lifespans.

Locke further explained, "By measuring everything in dollars, we can directly compare shielding spacecraft to tracking smaller debris or removing 50 large pieces of debris to removing 50,000 smaller ones." This comparative analysis allows for a comprehensive evaluation of different strategies based on their cost-effectiveness.

NASA's research team plans to further study the combined cost-effectiveness of various space debris mitigation methods. By examining the potential benefits of implementing multiple strategies simultaneously, they aim to develop comprehensive solutions for managing and reducing the risks posed by orbital debris.

With this report, NASA takes a significant step toward addressing the challenge of space debris, ensuring the long-term sustainability of space activities, and safeguarding valuable satellites that play vital roles in communications, weather forecasting, navigation, and other critical services.