In a recent study published in PLoS One, researchers have found a possible association between a decline in gait speed and cognitive decline, suggesting that changes in walking speed could be an early sign of dementia. The study, conducted with 95 adults aged 60 or older in Cuba, examined the participants' gait speed, cognitive function, and brain activity.

None of the participants had signs of cognitive impairment prior to the study and all reported engaging in mild exercise. The researchers assessed gait speed through observation, while cognitive function was measured using a common screening tool for cognitive impairment. Participants also underwent an EEG to measure their brain's electrical activity.

Upon analysis of the data, the researchers discovered a correlation between a decrease in gait speed and a decline in cognitive function, along with EEG abnormalities. These findings led the researchers to speculate that a decline in gait speed could potentially serve as an early indicator of dementia.

Dr. Elizabeth Landsverk, a geriatrician and dementia expert, cautions that while there appears to be a connection between gait speed and cognitive health, it is important to consider other factors that could affect walking speed, such as arthritis, joint replacements, neurological conditions, or Parkinson's disease. She emphasizes that slower gait speed alone is not usually one of the first signs of dementia, which commonly include poor judgment, mood changes, and memory issues. Additionally, the severity and onset of walking changes can vary depending on the type of dementia.

If someone experiences a change in gait speed, Dr. Landsverk advises considering other early signs of dementia and seeking medical attention from a geriatrician or neurologist if additional symptoms are present. It is essential to determine the underlying cause of the walking changes, as they could be due to factors unrelated to dementia, such as medication side effects, extended hospital stays, or muscle loss.

Dr. Landsverk highlights the importance of discussing any changes in memory, mood, or behavior with a healthcare provider. She recommends physical examinations and blood work to evaluate overall health and cognitive function. Individuals demonstrating poor cognitive function should also undergo a CT scan of the head for further assessment.

For those diagnosed with early dementia, Dr. Landsverk emphasizes that walking is still beneficial and can slow the progression of the disease. However, close supervision is necessary as the disease advances and balance and safety awareness decline.

While this study sheds light on the potential link between walking speed and dementia, it is crucial not to jump to conclusions. It is always recommended to consult with medical professionals for accurate diagnosis and guidance regarding cognitive health concerns.

In the pursuit of understanding dementia better, researchers continue to conduct studies. As knowledge grows, steps can be taken to improve care and support for individuals affected by the disease.