In recent years, the decline of bee populations has become a matter of grave concern due to their crucial role in pollination and the ecosystem. A new study reveals that honey bee colonies in the Pacific Northwest are at a higher risk of collapse due to the warming effects of climate change. Moreover, the rusty patched bumblebee, also known as Bombus affinis, is teetering on the brink of extinction. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is considering listing it as an endangered species, which would make it the 10th bee species to receive such protection.

The rusty patched bumblebee, with its distinctive appearance of a mostly yellow body, a black thorax, and a v-shaped black spot or band in between its wings, was once found in more than two dozen states across the United States. However, since the year 2000, confirmed sightings have diminished, and only 13 states have reported the presence of this important pollinator. In 2017, it became the first bee species to gain federal recognition as an endangered species.

Conservation biologist Jay Watson, from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, points to multiple factors that have contributed to the decline of the rusty patched bumblebee. These include pathogens, parasites, pesticides, habitat loss, managed bees, climate change, and the challenges faced by small populations. Watson also highlights that two other bumblebee species, the yellow-banded bumblebee and the western bumblebee, have experienced population declines across their ranges.

To aid in the recovery of the rusty patched bumblebee, a map has recently been released, indicating its current range and potential expansion areas. Wildlife experts believe that the bee has the highest potential to spread through southern Wisconsin, eastern Minnesota and Iowa, northern Illinois, and along the West Virginia-Virginia border. However, a study from the University of Colorado suggests that genetic differences among populations in the upper Midwest, central Midwest, and Appalachians call for different strategies in recovery efforts. Inbreeding in some colonies further threatens the survival of the species.

Efforts are being made to restore the habitat of the rusty patched bumblebee since its listing as an endangered species. Ecologist and Assistant Professor John Mola emphasizes the importance of providing more floral resources and reducing the use of pesticides to support the species. Creating a suitable habitat, with a variety of native flowers and nesting locations, is crucial. Some of the recommended flowers for attracting the rusty patched bumblebee include Dutchman's breeches, eastern bluebells, wild bergamot, Culver's root, and milkweed species.

In Wisconsin, concerned individuals can join the Bumble Bee Brigade, a volunteer monitoring project facilitated by the Department of Natural Resources, which encourages participants to submit observations and photographs of the bees they encounter. By taking action to improve and create more habitat for the rusty patched bumblebee, we can also help other declining pollinators, such as the Monarch butterfly.

As we celebrate World Bee Day on May 20th, let us recognize the crucial role of bees and take urgent steps to preserve and protect these essential pollinators. The efforts of individuals, organizations, and federal agencies are vital to ensuring the survival of the rusty patched bumblebee and the preservation of our ecosystems, food supply, and water resources.