In the early months of 2024, there have already been 35 reported cases of measles in the United States, with a significant number originating from the state of Florida. However, it is important to note that this highly contagious disease has also surfaced in 14 other states across the nation.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately one in five unvaccinated individuals who contract measles will require hospitalization. The risk for complications, especially among children, is notably higher. It is estimated that the majority of measles cases found in the United States can be traced back to unvaccinated international travelers, and astonishingly, two out of three of these individuals are returning Americans.

As of now, the ongoing measles outbreak in Florida has not been directly linked to international travel, although measles was declared eradicated in the United States in 2000. The consistent maintenance of this status is largely due to the quick containment of small annual outbreaks. However, it is worth mentioning that in 2019, nearly 1,300 cases of measles were reported across the nation, marking the highest number of cases since 1992. These outbreaks, which affected 31 states, were all connected to international travel, introducing the virus to vulnerable populations, particularly those who were unvaccinated or under-vaccinated against measles.

The symptoms of measles typically appear within 7 to 14 days after infection, including high fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes. A distinct rash typically follows three to five days after the initial onset of symptoms. Complications from measles can be severe, leading to pneumonia, encephalitis, and in some cases, death. Shockingly, the CDC estimates that one to three out of every 1,000 children in the United States who contract measles will die as a result of respiratory and neurological complications, even with treatment.

While the CDC has not issued any domestic travel warnings for measles at this time, there are recommendations in place to prevent the spread of the disease. The agency advises unvaccinated teenagers and adults without evidence of immunity to complete a vaccination course at least two weeks before traveling abroad. The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccine is typically administered in two doses, with the second dose given 28 days after the first. It is crucial to note that one dose provides 93% protection against measles, while two doses offers up to 97% protection.

Data from the CDC further indicates that measles continues to be prevalent in various parts of the world. In November 2023, the agency issued an advisory highlighting current outbreaks in 47 countries, mainly concentrated in Africa, the Middle East, and Central and South Asia.

As the number of measles cases continues to rise both in Florida and across the United States, it is imperative for individuals to prioritize their vaccination status and take necessary precautions before international travel. Public health authorities are closely monitoring the situation and will work towards preventing further spread of this highly contagious disease.