### Surge in Measles Cases Prompts Vaccination Urgency Ahead of Holiday Season

Families gearing up for international travel this summer are being cautioned about a significant rise in measles cases across Europe and other regions. The surge is unprecedented, with Europe witnessing its highest measles infection rates in 25 years, and countries like Pakistan and Nigeria also reporting sharp increases.

In the UK, the childhood vaccination rates for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) remain well below the recommended 95% threshold, with London showing the lowest regional coverage at just over 73%. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has issued a warning to holidaymakers to ensure their vaccinations are up to date, emphasizing that it's never too late to receive the vaccine.

Data from the UKHSA reveals an ongoing outbreak in England, with 109 confirmed cases in April and 86 so far in May. The majority of these infections have been in unvaccinated children under the age of 10, with London accounting for nearly half of all cases reported in the last four weeks.

Dr. Vanessa Saliba, a consultant epidemiologist at the UKHSA, highlighted the concerning trend, noting that the rise in cases within England mirrors the situation abroad. "It's essential that everyone, particularly parents of young children, check all family members are up to date with two MMR doses, especially if you are travelling this summer for holidays or visiting family," Dr. Saliba advised.

Complications from measles can be severe, ranging from ear and chest infections to brain inflammation. Some children may end up hospitalized, facing lifelong health consequences. Dr. Saliba emphasized that such outcomes are undesirable, particularly for children, and stressed the importance of being vaccinated before traveling.

The decline in MMR vaccination rates has been observed not only in the UK but across Europe, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF reported a doubling of measles cases in Europe in 2024, reaching 127,350 – the highest figure since 1997. Popular European destinations for UK travelers, including France, Italy, Spain, and Germany, have all experienced outbreaks.

Countries such as Romania, Pakistan, India, Thailand, Indonesia, and Nigeria are currently experiencing some of the highest measles case counts globally. According to Dr. Amanda Doyle, the national director for primary care and community services at NHS England, there is still substantial work to be done to improve MMR vaccination rates in the UK.

"Too many babies and young children are still not protected against the diseases, which are contagious infections that spread very easily and can cause serious health problems," Dr. Doyle stated. She encouraged parents to respond to vaccination invites or verify their child's vaccination records, as MMR jabs are provided free as part of the NHS routine immunization program.

For those who have not received two doses of the MMR vaccine, health experts advise contacting their GP surgery to arrange an appointment, reiterating that it is never too late for vaccination.

Measles is a highly contagious disease spread through coughs and sneezes, with initial symptoms including small white spots inside the mouth and a blotchy red or brown rash. The rash typically starts on the face and behind the ears before spreading. While measles usually clears up within a week to 10 days, it can lead to severe health issues like pneumonia, meningitis, blindness, and seizures. Particularly vulnerable groups include babies, young children, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems.