In a remarkable success story for conservation efforts, the Iberian lynx has made a significant recovery and is no longer classified as an endangered species, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Just over two decades ago, the Iberian lynx population was on the brink of extinction, with only 62 mature specimens remaining on the Iberian Peninsula in 2001. The decline of its main prey, the European rabbit, along with habitat degradation and human activity, were major contributing factors to its dwindling numbers.

However, thanks to dedicated conservation measures and collaborative efforts, the Iberian lynx population has witnessed a remarkable turnaround. Nature reserves in southern Spain and Portugal now house 648 adult Iberian lynx, according to the latest census conducted in 2021.

The IUCN Red List update shows that the species, once facing the threat of extinction, is now classified as a vulnerable species. A recent count revealed over 2,000 adult and juvenile Iberian lynx, indicating an exponential increase in population size.

Conservation efforts have revolved around crucial initiatives to restore the lynx's habitat, including the re-establishment of dense woodland, Mediterranean scrublands, and pastures. Moreover, the recovery of the rabbit population, as a result of agricultural changes, has directly contributed to the growth of the lynx population.

The success of the preservation measures can largely be attributed to the collaborative approach between public bodies, scientific institutions, NGOs, private companies, and local communities, including landowners, farmers, gamekeepers, and hunters. The EU-funded LIFE Lynx-Connect project has played a significant role in coordinated conservation efforts.

Awareness campaigns aimed at local communities have also played a vital role. The IUCN has worked closely with these communities to highlight the lynx's importance to the ecosystem, leading to a reduction in animal deaths caused by poaching and road accidents. Additionally, compensating farmers for any livestock losses due to lynx predation has fostered positive relationships and support for conservation efforts.

Since 2010, over 400 Iberian lynx have been successfully reintroduced to parts of Portugal and Spain, expanding their territory to at least 3,320 square kilometers, a significant increase from the 449 square kilometers recorded in 2005.

Although the IUCN's Red List update brings hope for other species in similar predicaments, experts caution that the Iberian lynx is not completely out of danger. Continuous monitoring, revision of protocols, and ongoing conservation efforts will be necessary to ensure the long-term survival and recovery of this iconic species.

The remarkable recovery of the Iberian lynx serves as a testament to the effectiveness of collaborative conservation efforts and provides hope for endangered species worldwide.