In a significant display of unity, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin convened for a two-day official visit in China, with both leaders reinforcing their alliance and pointing fingers at the United States and its allies for hindering their nations' progress. This visit marked Putin's first trip abroad since assuming his fifth term in office earlier this year.

The timing of the visit held symbolic meaning as it commemorated the 75th anniversary of the Soviet Union's recognition of the People's Republic of China and aimed to initiate a year of cultural exchange between the two nations. However, it was evident that a larger geopolitical agenda was at play.

China has repeatedly provided diplomatic support to Moscow, shielding it from Western condemnation following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022. This backing has also extended to economic assistance, as China has offered a lifeline to Russia by assisting with sanctions evasion. In return, China has enjoyed discounted prices for Russian energy resources and expanded its exports to the Russian market.

Both leaders share a growing belief that a strong China-Russia partnership is necessary to counter Western countries perceived as increasingly hostile toward them. Putin arrived in China accompanied by a high-level delegation including senior cabinet members, military officials, and industry leaders. The warm welcome from President Xi included a grand state visit-style ceremony, complete with an honor guard, a 21-gun salute, and cheering children.

The two leaders have developed a close relationship over the years, having met face-to-face more than 40 times. They now refer to each other as "dear friend" and exchange birthday gifts. Their partnership was solidified with the signing of a "no limits" partnership agreement in 2022, shortly before Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Speculation remains as to whether Putin informed Xi of his decision or sought his approval.

China has maintained a position of neutrality in the Ukrainian conflict, perceiving itself as a potential mediator. However, it has refrained from criticizing Russia directly and has endorsed Moscow's belief that NATO expansion provoked Russia's actions. In a joint statement, both leaders labeled the U.S. as a "direct threat" and accused Washington of obstructing their rise. They emphasized their commitment to upholding fairness and justice in the world.

While trade was a key focus of the talks, with Putin seeking China as a buffer against Western sanctions, practical progress remains uncertain. The U.S. has recently imposed sanctions on companies in China and Hong Kong for providing critical components to Russia. This has had a chilling effect on business and raised concerns about potential "secondary sanctions" against Chinese firms and banks supporting Russia's war efforts.

As the visit concluded, Putin visited the city of Harbin, emphasizing the potential for expanded cooperation in energy, agriculture, and other sectors. However, discussions yielded little progress on key projects such as the Power of Siberia 2 gas pipeline, which has faced resistance from Beijing.

The Putin-Xi alliance appears steadfast in the face of enhanced Western pressure. Experts suggest that this relationship will continue to strengthen, with mutual coordination against the U.S. and Western efforts playing a more significant role over time.

In an address to students in Harbin, Putin highlighted the resilience and harmony of the Russian-Chinese alliance, likening it to planting seeds that flourish with care and in the right direction.