In a significant decision, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) voted 3-2 to restore the policy of net neutrality, marking a continuation of a long-standing battle over the future of the internet. This move, largely supported by the FCC's Democratic majority, reinstates a policy initially implemented in 2015 during the Obama administration but subsequently repealed in 2017 under the Trump administration.

Net neutrality rules require broadband internet providers to treat all internet traffic equally, ensuring that websites and apps have equitable access to the global internet, regardless of size or financial capabilities. These rules prevent broadband providers from manipulating speeds or creating internet "fast lanes," where companies can pay for faster upload and download speeds.

The FCC's decision solidifies broadband services as Title II telecommunications services, placing them within the jurisdiction of federal law that aims to ensure nondiscrimination. This allows the internet to be considered an essential service, comparable to power or water.

Championing the restoration of net neutrality, Anna Gomez, a Democratic appointee to the commission, emphasized the critical role of broadband access as a conduit for modern life. FCC Chair Jessica Rosenworcel affirms that these rules have already been upheld by a federal court ruling in 2016, which will be instrumental in addressing various issues, including intervention when households lose internet service.

Internet giants such as Google and Netflix have consistently supported net neutrality, arguing that it encourages an open internet. Conversely, internet service providers like Comcast, the parent company of NBC News, have vehemently opposed the regulations. The NCTA - The Internet & Television Association, comprising Comcast, accused the FCC of attempting to control the internet, claiming there was no evidence of a problem to be solved.

While the FCC's decision is praised by advocates for an open internet, Brendan Carr, a Republican appointee to the commission, expressed dissent. Carr argued that the reinstated rules would discourage companies from investing in network upgrades and create uncertainty regarding offerings like customized plans or intelligent networks.

The repeal of net neutrality rules in 2017 played a crucial role in California passing its own state net neutrality law, which was subsequently upheld by a federal court in 2022.

Commenting on the FCC vote, Columbia University Law Professor Tim Wu, credited with coining the term "net neutrality," celebrated it as a victory over the telecom industry and its proponents. After over two decades of fighting for net neutrality, Wu expressed satisfaction that the idea has evolved from an outsider proposal to an obvious common sense approach for one of modern life's essential utilities.

The FCC's decision is expected to face legal challenges, with critics like Michael Powell, President and CEO of NCTA, projecting an eventual overturning of the ruling in court. The implications of this decision will likely shape the future of the internet and how it is accessed by millions of people across the United States.