### Ancient "Witches Marks" Uncovered at Historic English Manor

An intriguing discovery of medieval "witches marks" has been unearthed at Gainsborough Old Hall, a historic manor in Lincolnshire, England. These apotropaic carvings, believed to safeguard against witches and evil spirits, were revealed following extensive research by Rick Berry, a dedicated volunteer for English Heritage.

Over a period of two years, Berry identified and catalogued about 20 of these ritual carvings across various designs, primarily located in the servants' wing of the late 15th-century manor. The findings, officially announced by English Heritage, include symbols such as pentangles, overlapping V's, and hexafoil patterns—all traditionally believed to offer protection. Notably, rare "curse" inscriptions were among the discovered carvings, including an upside-down inscription of the name of a former owner, William Hickman, a method historically used to cast curses.

Additionally, approximately 100 burn marks were found, which were traditionally used to protect against fire. Kevin Booth, head of collections at English Heritage, expressed amazement at the discovery, highlighting the enduring mysteries of these ancient buildings. “The Old Hall has undoubtedly had a tumultuous past, not least under the ownership of the apparently unpopular William Hickman, but why it's the scene of quite such a high concentration of protective carvings remains a mystery," Booth stated.

Gainsborough Old Hall, constructed in the 1400s, has seen many prominent and wealthy visitors, including King Henry VIII and Queen Catherine Howard. The Hickman family took ownership of the manor in 1596. William Hickman, described as an "astute and ruthless businessman," utilized his position to exert control and increase his wealth, leaving a contentious legacy.

The discovery of these mysterious carvings sheds new light on the historical practices at Gainsborough Old Hall, offering a fascinating glimpse into the past's superstitions and protective rituals.