In a significant development in the ongoing fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, an international group of experts, including representatives from the World Health Organization (WHO) and major health organizations, have proposed a new agreed-on terminology for pathogens that transmit through the air. Their findings were laid out in a comprehensive report highlighting the need for standardized language to accurately describe the spread of airborne diseases.

The report addresses the challenges that emerged due to a lack of common terminology across scientific disciplines, which led to confusion and inconsistent messaging regarding the airborne transmission of viruses like SARS-CoV-2, influenza, measles, MERS-CoV, SARS, and tuberculosis. By establishing a consensus on terminology, the experts aim to facilitate research efforts and enable effective public health interventions for both current and future pathogens.

Alongside the proposed through-the-air terminology, the group introduced the descriptor "infectious respiratory particles" (IRPs) to encompass the particles expelled while breathing, talking, singing, or coughing. The experts refrained from using defined cutoff points such as "droplets" and "aerosols," opting instead for a more inclusive approach considering the various sizes of IRPs.

To characterize transmission through the air, two descriptors were proposed. "Airborne transmission or inhalation" refers to the inhalation of IRPs regardless of the distance between individuals, while "direct deposition" denotes the direct placement of IRPs on the mouth, nose, or eyes of another person.

The WHO emphasized that the terminology discussions represent only the initial phase of the broader topic. The next steps involve further multidisciplinary research and exploring the implications of using the updated terms in practice.

While the report acknowledges concerns and potential practical implications, it falls short of recommending full airborne precautions to mitigate the risk of short-range airborne transmission. The group emphasized the importance of balancing scientific insights with considerations of availability, access, affordability, and health equity.

The response to the report's findings has been varied among experts. Some view the proposed clarifications as a step in the right direction, expressing approval of the acknowledgement that COVID-19 is airborne. Dr. Joe Vipond, an emergency department physician and cofounder of Masks4Canada, commended the report's recognition of short-range airborne transmission and the need for respirators for healthcare workers in certain situations. However, he raised concerns about the lack of mention regarding air filtration and the inclusion of disciplines beyond airborne scientists, such as engineers and occupational hygienists, in the panel.

Moving forward, the proposed terminology and its implications must undergo further scrutiny and discussion. As the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the adoption of standardized language will be crucial in capturing a comprehensive understanding of airborne transmission and implementing effective public health measures.