In response to the rising number of dengue virus infections reported both globally and domestically, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a health advisory to raise awareness and caution among the public and healthcare providers in the United States.

Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted through mosquito bites, has been seeing higher-than-usual cases in many countries recently. According to the CDC, countries in the Americas have already reported a staggering 9.7 million dengue cases between January 1 and June 24 of this year. This number has more than doubled the total cases reported for the entire year of 2023, which stood at 4.6 million.

In the United States, 2,241 cases of dengue have been reported between January 1 and June 24, compared to 3,306 cases reported in all of 2023. The majority of cases (1,498) were recorded in Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, and approximately half of those cases (745) were identified among U.S. travelers. In response to the outbreak, Puerto Rico declared a public health emergency back in March.

Dengue fever can exhibit a range of symptoms, with around one in four cases being symptomatic, varying from mild to severe. Symptoms typically appear five to seven days after infection and include fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, muscle and joint pain, headache, and low white blood cell counts. Other warning signs to look out for are abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, lethargy, or restlessness.

Unfortunately, there are currently no approved antiviral medications to treat dengue, making prevention crucial. The CDC advises the public to use Environmental Protection Agency-approved mosquito repellents when traveling to, or returning from, areas with high dengue transmission. Wearing loose-fitting, long-sleeved clothing is also recommended. Additionally, individuals are encouraged to use air conditioning and window screens at home to minimize the risk of mosquito bites indoors. Preventing the accumulation of stagnant water in containers outdoors can also help reduce the number of potential breeding sites for mosquitos.

For healthcare providers, the CDC recommends maintaining a high level of suspicion for dengue among individuals presenting with fever who have recently visited areas with frequent dengue transmission. Ordering appropriate diagnostic tests for acute dengue virus infection is essential for accurate diagnosis. Healthcare providers are also urged to report dengue cases promptly to public health authorities and educate individuals living in or visiting high-risk areas about preventive measures.

With dengue cases on the rise both globally and in the United States, it is crucial for the public and healthcare providers to remain vigilant and proactive in preventing the spread of dengue virus. More information on dengue prevention and control can be found on the CDC's website.