In a significant move, Apple has announced that it will now allow customers and independent repair shops to fix iPhones using compatible used components. The change, set to roll out this fall, applies to all components, including the battery, display, and camera, which previously required configuration for full functionality.

Initially, Face ID will not be available when the feature is first implemented, but it is expected to be added in the future. The expanded repair process will be limited to the iPhone 15 line initially due to limited interoperability between models.

The decision addresses the criticism surrounding "parts pairing," a process that previously limited the use of components from used models. Apple senior vice president of hardware engineering, John Ternus, defended the practice, emphasizing the importance of using genuine components to maintain user security and privacy. Ternus explained that authenticating the components ensures they are not counterfeit and enables calibration for optimal performance.

However, the concept of "parts pairing" has drawn criticism from right-to-repair advocates who argue that it hinders user-repairability. Apple has been accused of using the process as an excuse to thwart independent repairs. The recently passed right-to-repair bill in Oregon specifically targeted the company's parts pairing practice. Apple expressed concerns that the legislation could jeopardize user privacy, safety, and security protections.

The latest development aims to address the concerns raised by the bill by allowing the system to verify the authenticity of used components, providing a solution for newer iPhones. Ternus emphasized that the goal is to ensure high-quality repairs while still supporting the right to use third-party parts in non-security functions.

While the announcement is seen as a step in the right direction by some repair advocates, it may not fully comply with the Oregon bill. Apple declined to speculate further on the matter. Biometric features such as Touch ID and Face ID remain contentious, as the company does not enable the use of third-party modules for key security functions due to the inability to validate their performance.

Apple's decision to expand the repair process coincides with growing demands for right-to-repair laws worldwide. The company has previously expressed support for legislation that increases consumer access to repairs while maintaining consumer protections.

It is worth noting that these changes have been in the works for two years, indicating that Apple has been focused on increasing user access to repairs independently of pending legislation. Ternus emphasized that Apple's main focus is building durable products rather than solely emphasizing repairability.

Alongside the expanded repair process, Apple also announced an enhancement to Activation Lock to deter thieves from using stolen phones. The company will restrict calibration capabilities for supported parts obtained from devices with Activation Lock or Lost Mode enabled.

In a bid to increase transparency, Apple also introduced the "iPhone parts and service history" feature with the release of iOS 15.2. This allows users to see if their device has undergone repairs and which parts have been switched.

While Apple's move to include used components in the repair process is a significant step, the company has no plans to sell refurbished parts for user repairs. Apple's focus remains on ensuring the quality and authenticity of components used in repairs.