A recent study published in JAMA Neurology has shed light on the factors that contribute to young-onset dementia. The research, conducted on over 350,000 individuals under the age of 65 in the UK Biobank, has identified 15 key lifestyle and health factors that substantially elevate the risk of developing this condition.

Young-onset dementia refers to the manifestation of dementia symptoms before the age of 65. It is estimated that between 220,000 and 640,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's or related dementia each year. The condition tends to be more aggressive compared to dementia occurring later in life.

The newly identified modifiable risk factors include orthostatic hypotension, depression, and alcohol use disorder. Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by a drop in blood pressure when transitioning from a sitting or lying position to standing. Depression and alcohol use disorder have also been found to increase the risk of young-onset dementia.

However, not all risk factors can be modified. Factors such as low socioeconomic status and carrying two copies of the apolipoprotein E gene, ε4 allele (APOE4), are beyond control in terms of prevention.

According to experts, addressing these modifiable risk factors early on is crucial in reducing the likelihood of developing young-onset dementia. The study's findings provide valuable information for healthcare providers in the prevention and management of this condition.

David Perlmutter, a board-certified neurologist and best-selling author, emphasizes the impact of these risk factors on brain metabolism. He explains that compromised brain metabolism, particularly in relation to glucose utilization, plays a significant role in the development of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.

Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh, a behavioral neurologist and assistant professor of psychiatry and neurology at Yale School of Medicine, stresses the importance of addressing these risk factors to lower the risk of both young-onset and late-onset dementia. He highlights that eliminating modifiable risk factors, as supported by the Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing dementia.

The identification of these 15 risk factors provides individuals and healthcare professionals with valuable insights into preventing and managing young-onset dementia. By adopting healthier lifestyle habits such as regular exercise, maintaining healthy sleep routines, and following a balanced diet, individuals can potentially lower their risk of developing this condition.

Further research and awareness are needed to ensure early detection, prevention, and effective treatment options for those affected by young-onset dementia.